O'Farrell v State of New South Wales

[2022] NSWSC 1237

Supreme Court

New South Wales

Medium Neutral Citation:

O’Farrell v State of New South Wales [2022] NSWSC 1237

Hearing dates:

5 September 2022

Date of orders:

5 September 2022

Decision date:

05 September 2022

Jurisdiction:

Common Law

Before:

Chen J

Decision:

(1) Leave is granted to the plaintiff nunc pro tunc to commence the proceedings filed on 4 December 2021 pursuant to s 4 of the Felons (Civil Proceedings) Act 1981 (NSW).

(2) No order as to the costs of the Notice of Motion such that each party is to bear its own costs.

Catchwords:

CIVIL PROCEDURE — commencement of proceedings — leave required to commence action by person serving a sentence for a serious indictable offence — where proceedings commenced before leave sought — leave granted nunc pro tunc

Legislation Cited:

Crown Proceedings Act 1988 (NSW)

Felons (Civil Proceedings) Act 1981 (NSW)

Cases Cited:

Application of Malcolm Huntley Potier [2012] NSWCA 222

Ford v Simes [2009] NSWCA 351

Jol v State of New South Wales (1998) 45 NSWLR 283

Category:

Procedural rulings

Parties:

Shannon O’Farrell (Plaintiff)
State of New South Wales (Defendant)

Representation:

Counsel:
T Meakes (Plaintiff)
S Cooper (Defendant)

Solicitors:
Beston Macken McManis Lawyers (Plaintiff)
Moray & Agnew Lawyers (Defendant)

File Number(s):

2021/00344746

EX TEMPORE JUDGMENT (REVISED)

Introduction

1. Shannon O’Farrell (‘the plaintiff’), by Notice of Motion filed 17 August 2022, seeks an order, under s 4 of the Felons (Civil Proceedings) Act 1981 (NSW) (‘the Act’), for leave to institute proceedings for damages for an incident of sexual abuse which he alleges was inflicted upon him whilst he was a year 7 student at the Dubbo High School in 1998.

2. The plaintiff has, in fact, already commenced proceedings: a statement of claim was filed in this Court on 4 December 2021. The proceedings are not a nullity but treated as an irregularity: it is thus permissible for leave to be granted nunc pro tunc, if the pre-conditions to the making of an order under s 4 of the Act are established: Jol v State of New South Wales (1998) 45 NSWLR 283 at 290.

3. The State is sued under s 5 of the Crown Proceedings Act 1988 (NSW) and is accepted to be the appropriate defendant to the plaintiff’s claim.

4. The defendant neither consents to the order sought nor opposes it.

The relevant provisions of the Act

5. Section 4 of the Act relevantly provides:

“A person who is in custody as a result of having been convicted of…a serious indictable offence may not institute any civil proceedings in any court except by leave of that court granted on application.”

6. Section 5 of the Act then prescribes that the Court is not to “grant leave to a person to institute proceedings unless the court is satisfied that the proceedings are not an abuse of process and that there is a prima facie ground for the proceedings”. The test identified by this section has been understood as requiring no more than that the claim “on its face is not hopeless or unarguable. That test requires reference to the legal principles invoked by the cause of action upon which the claim is based and reference to the factual allegations contained in the proposed pleading”: Application of Malcolm Huntley Potier [2012] NSWCA 222 at [17] (Allsop ACJ and Basten JA) (‘Potier’); Ford v Simes [2009] NSWCA 351 at [31] (Bergin CJ in Eq).

7. The statutory test is an undemanding one: “… the court is not required to embark upon a detailed analysis of the claims and the evidence which might support them, but rather is to form a broad impression as to whether a claim enjoys a realistic prospect of success and is thus not ‘hopeless’ or ‘unarguable’”: Potier at [17].

The claim: assessment

8. The plaintiff is a person who has been convicted of a serious indictable offence. He is currently in custody at Goulburn Gaol, NSW. It was accepted that this was the situation at the time that the statement of claim was filed. Leave to institute proceedings against the State was therefore required under s 4 of the Act.

9. The plaintiff’s claim is that, whilst enrolled as a student at the Dubbo High School, he was sexually abused, on one occasion, by his teacher in 1998. It is alleged that the incident occurred whilst he was on afternoon detention. His case is that he suffered psychiatric injury in consequence, and claims damages from the defendant alleging that the injuries and loss suffered were due to the breach of the non-delegable duty that the School owed to him, or otherwise, that it is vicariously liable for the conduct of his teacher.

10. The plaintiff has, in support of the orders sought, tendered an evidentiary statement dated 23 June 2022. That statement sets out the plaintiff’s evidence relating to the incident that I have described: see pars 3-4.

11. The plaintiff did not tender any medical evidence, but there is some evidence in the plaintiff’s evidentiary statement which establishes, in an appropriately preliminary way, some evidence of damage: see pars 5-9.

12. I am satisfied, based upon what is alleged in the statement of claim, and the evidence to which reference has been made, that the proceedings are not an abuse of process or lacking a prima facie ground; they could not be described as hopeless or unarguable. It follows that I am satisfied that this is an appropriate case for the grant of leave.

Orders

13. I make the following orders:

1. Leave is granted to the plaintiff nunc pro tunc to commence the proceedings filed on 4 December 2021 pursuant to s 4 of the Felons (Civil Proceedings) Act 1981 (NSW).

2. No order as to the costs of the Notice of Motion, such that each party is to bear its own costs.

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